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Raid on the Suez Canal
The Raid on the Suez Canal, also known as ''Actions on the Suez Canal'', took place between 26 January and 4 February 1915 after a German-led Ottoman Army force advanced from Southern Palestine to attack the British Empire-protected Suez Canal, before the beginning of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I.
Substantial Ottoman forces crossed the Sinai peninsula, but their attack failed mainly because of strongly held defences and alert defenders.
== Background ==
Since its opening in 1869 the Suez Canal had featured prominently in British policy and concerns. Among its great advantages were as a line of communication and also the site for a military base as the well equipped ports at Alexandria and Port Said made the region particularly useful.〔Falls 1930 Vol. 1 p. 8〕 But the popularity of the British was in decline in Egypt as the people disliked the occupation and the imposition of an alien race and religion in control of their country.〔Falls 1930 Vol. 1 p. 9〕
The Convention of Constantinople of 1888 by the European Powers guaranteed freedom of navigation of the Suez Canal.〔Falls 1930 Vol. 1 pp. 11–2〕 In August 1914 Egypt was defended by 5,000 men in the Force in Egypt.〔Falls 1930 Vol. 1 p. 11〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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